• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:SE1050661A1
    申请号:SE1050661
    申请日:2010-06-22
    公开日:2011-12-23
    发明作者:Goeran Pantzar
    申请人:Sandvik Intellectual Property；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    15 20 25 30 of the usual planar type intended for milling tools are described, for example, in WO2006l30073.
    The washer plate described therein comprises a coupling means for preventing sliding relative to the base body.
    The disadvantage of underlays is that they reduce the strength of the base body, as the cutting position must be made deeper to make room with the underlays if the size of the chip pockets is not to be affected. Since the size of the chip pockets is optimized with respect to chip removal, it is not desirable to reduce it. The force acting on the cutting tool during machining varies, depending on the cutting depth and the type of machining and material. However, the milling force is mainly directed during milling so that a depression of the cutting position to make room with a washer plate has a great effect on the strength. For small cutting tools, such as end mills, and for tools with many inserts mounted, this becomes particularly problematic because the chip pockets proportionally already occupy a large part of the basic body. The strength of the base body is significantly impaired by a further deepening of the cutting positions and the risk becomes too great that cracks due to overload will occur in the base body during machining.
    OBJECTS AND FEATURES OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims to increase the service life of cutting tools for rotary chip removal machining, hereinafter referred to as cutting tools, while maintaining the strength of the basic body of the cutting tool. This is especially true with small cutting tools, such as end mills, or with cutting tools with many inserts.
    According to the present invention, the object is achieved by a washer and a cutting tool as described in the independent claims 1 and 7, respectively. The washer according to the invention is intended for mounting in cutting tools for rotary chip removal processing, wherein the cutting tool comprises a base body with a rotary axis mantle surface, a front end surface and at least one cutting position comprising a seat surface. The basic body is rotatable in the direction of rotation R and is arranged to receive in each cutting position towards the seat surface a washer plate and a mountable insert adjacent to the washer plate. The base plate comprises a bottom surface intended to abut the seat surface of the base body and a contact surface opposite the bottom surface intended to abut the insert and at least one side surface which extends between the bottom surface and the contact surface. The support plate is characterized in that, at a radial cross-section orthogonal to the axis of rotation and continuous support plate, an imaginary straight line associated with the bottom surface intersecting the point in the cross section where the bottom surface is intended to be closest to the base surface of the base body and the point is intended to be closest to the axis of rotation of the base body and an imaginary straight line associated with the contact surface intersecting the point in the cross section where the contact surface is intended to be closest to the mantle surface of the base body and the point of cross section where the contact surface is intended to be closest to the axis of rotation of the base body. against the mantle surface of the base body and form an angle α with each other.
    The purpose is also achieved by a cutting tool for rotary chip removal processing.
    The cutting tool comprises a basic body comprising a axis of rotation, a peripheral circumferential surface concentric with the axis of rotation and at least one cutting position with a seat surface arranged therein.
    The cutting tool is rotatable in the direction of rotation R. In at least one cutting position the cutting tool comprises a washer removably mounted against the seat surface and in said at least one cutting position the cutting tool comprises a removably mounted insert adjacent to the washer plate. The washer plate comprises a bottom surface adjacent to the seat surface of the base body, a contact surface opposite to the bottom surface and adjacent to the insert and at least one side surface with extension between the bottom surface and the contact surface. The cutting tool is characterized in that, at a radial cross-section orthogonal to the axis of rotation and continuous washer, an imaginary straight line associated with the seat surface of the base body intersecting the point in the cross-section where the seat surface is closest to the mantle surface and the point in the cross-section line associated with the contact surface of the washer cutting the point in the cross section where the contact surface is closest to the mantle surface and the point in the cross section where the contact surface is closest to the axis of rotation, diverges towards the mantle surface and forms an angle α with each other.
    Thus, according to the invention, the washer plate is made substantially wedge-shaped in the radial direction, so that the distance between the bottom surface of the washer plate and its contact surface against the insert increases substantially in the radial direction from the axis of rotation of the base body. The washer plate is thus thicker at the mantle surface of the base body than closer to the axis of rotation.
    An advantage of the washer plate and the cutting tool according to the invention is that the use of washer plate is made possible even in small cutting tools, for example in end mills, or in cutting tools with a large number of cutting positions without the strength of the base body being significantly affected. This increases the service life of the cutting tool through the overall effect of the retained strength of the base body, reduced wear on the base body due to the washer plate and the reduced risk of serious damage to the base body in the event of any cutting failures.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the angle α is 5-30 °, more preferably 10-25 °. The advantage of this embodiment is that the difference in thickness between the inner and outer parts of the washer then becomes large enough for the strength of the base body to be maintained at the same time as the washer plate provides a protective effect at the mantle surface. At the same time, the ability of the backing plate to be held in place during machining is not compromised.
    According to a second embodiment, the bottom surface of the washer plate and the adjacent seat surface of the base body comprise a coupling means, for example in the form of serration surfaces or other coupling surfaces comprising male means intended to engage in female means. The advantage of this embodiment is that the washer plate is fixed in its position relative to the base body and is prevented from changing position relative thereto.
    According to a further embodiment, the washer plate is wedge-shaped also in the axial direction, preferably in such a way that the thickness of the washer plate increases in the direction of the front end surface.
    The advantage of this embodiment is that for milling tools with a positive axial rake angle, it is possible to avoid deepening the cutting position significantly furthest from the front end surface, and thus further increase the strength of the base body.
    According to yet another embodiment, the washer plate is made of cemented carbide, which has the advantage that in the event of a cutting failure, the washer plate can be used as a cutting edge during the time it takes to interrupt processing.
    Brief description of the accompanying drawings Figure 1: Perspective view of milling tool with washers and inserts mounted Figure 2: Detailed view of washer and insert Figure 3: Plan view from the front end surface Figure 4: Axial cross-section along marking Y in figure 3 Figure 5: Side view of milling tool 10 15 Figure 25: Radial cross-section along marking X in Figure 5 Figure 7: Perspective view of washer plate Figure 8: Perspective view of washer plate Figure 9: Underlay plate seen from the front end surface Figure 10: Schematic perspective view of washer plate wedge shape in both radial and axial direction Detailed description The washer and cutting tool according to the invention will now be described with the aid of the accompanying drawings. In the description, unless otherwise stated, it is assumed that the insert and washer plate are mounted to the base body.
    Figures 1-9 show a first embodiment of the invention. Figure 1 shows a composite cutting tool (1). The cutting tool comprises a base body (2) and one or two of the inserts (3), each of which cooperates with a washer plate (4). The base body is rotatable in the direction of rotation R about a geometric center axis C, hereinafter referred to as the axis of rotation of the base body or simply the axis of rotation. The basic body also has a peripheral mantle surface (5) concentric with the axis of rotation, which is often but not necessarily rotationally symmetrical, and a front (6) and a rear end surface (7). Furthermore, the basic body comprises a number of chip pockets (8), which form depressions in both the mantle surface and the front end surface. In the chip pockets, the cutting positions (9) are arranged. Each cutting position comprises a seat surface (10) against which a washer plate and a cutting insert can be mounted. Each insert comprises, inter alia, a bottom surface (3a) and a main insert gg (3b). Of the surfaces of the insert, the bottom surface (3 a) bears against the washer plate, while any other support surfaces abut the base body as shown in Figure 2-3.
    The washer plate (4) according to the invention comprises a bottom surface (4a) which in mounted condition is intended to abut against the seat surface (10) of the base body and a contact surface (4b) which is intended to abut against the bottom surface (3a) of the insert. This is shown in cross-section in Figure 4. At least one side surface extends between the bottom surface and the contact surface. Depending on the cutting geometry, the side surfaces may vary in number. In the case where the insert and the backing plate are rectangular, there are at least four side surfaces, of which an inner (4c) and outer (4d) side surface, respectively, seen in the radial direction from the axis of rotation of the base body as shown in Figures 7-8. The outer side surface is thus located at the peripheral mantle surface (5) of the base body and the inner abuts the base body (2). The inner side surface thus functions as an extra support surface against the base body. In this case, the washer plate further comprises at least one front side surface (4e) located at the front end surface of the base body, and at least one rear side surface (4f) which constitutes the support surface, adjacent to the base body in axial direction. Figure 9 shows the washer in plan view seen from the front side surface. In the case where the insert and the shim are round, there is only one side surface, which partially adjoins the base body. Of course, the backing plate can also comprise other surfaces, for example phase surfaces located between the previously mentioned surfaces.
    Characteristic of the washer plate (4) according to the invention is that it is substantially wedge-shaped in radial direction from the axis of rotation C of the base body. An arbitrary cross-section of the cutting tool, taken orthogonally to the axis of rotation of the base body and so that the cross section includes shims and inserts (3). -6, hereinafter referred to as the radial section (X). The bottom surface (4a) and contact surface (4b) of the base plate can then, regardless of the detailed design of the surfaces, be represented by two straight lines in the radial section. One straight line (a), which represents the bottom surface of the base plate, is then drawn so that it intersects the point (a1) on the bottom surface closest to the base surface (5) of the base body and the point (a2) on the bottom surface closest to the axis of rotation of the base body. The second straight line (b), which represents the contact surface, is drawn in a corresponding manner so that it intersects the point (b1) on the contact surface closest to the mantle surface and the point (b2) on the contact surface closest to the axis of rotation of the base body. According to the invention, these two lines should diverge in the direction of the mantle surface of the basic body, so that they form an angle α with each other. This is also schematically illustrated in Figure 10.
    In the first embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 1-9, the washer plate (4) has been adapted for a corner cutter with triangular indexable inserts (3) and a 90 ° setting angle. In this embodiment, the basic body is twice rotationally symmetrical and thus comprises two chip pockets (8), two inserts and two shims. In this embodiment, the washer is mounted on the base body (2), more precisely against the seat surface (10) of the base body in the cutting position (9), together with the insert by means of a screw (1 l) passing through the contact surface (4b) and bottom surface (4a) of the washer . The washer and seat surface have here been adapted for a triangular indexable insert, but can also be adapted for, for example, round, square or two-edged inserts. The choice of angle a with which the lines (a, b) representing the bottom surface (4a) and contact surface (4b) of the washer respectively diverge depends on fl your various factors, including the type of tool, the dimension of the tool and the cutting geometry. The angle α must be large enough to achieve a significant increase in the strength of the base body, while maintaining the protective effect of the base plate. If the angle α is sufficiently large, the washer plate can be made narrow towards the axis of rotation C of the base body, and in this way an increase in the strength of the base body is achieved. At the same time, the base plate can be made sufficiently thick at the mantle surface (5) to be able to protect the basic body in the event of a cutting failure. However, in order not to jeopardize the ability of the washer to be held in place during machining, the angle α should not be too large, as there is then a risk that the washer plate is pressed outwards against the casing surface. According to a preferred embodiment, the angle α is at least 5 °. Even better, the angle α is at least 10 °. According to a further preferred embodiment, the angle α is at most 30 °. Even better, the angle α is at most 25 °.
    The detailed design of the bottom surface (4a) and contact surface (4b) of the washer plate, as well as of the bottom surface (3a) of the insert and the seat surface (10) of the base body, can be varied considerably.
    The bottom surface and contact surface of the base plate can, for example, be flat surfaces. This simple embodiment has the advantage that the manufacturing becomes cost-effective and is particularly suitable for small angles where the retention of the washer in place during machining does not constitute a problem. However, the bottom surface of the washer does not have to be flat but may, for example, comprise a fastening means for attaching the washer to the base body. The bottom surface can also be designed with raised support points, for example and preferably at least three in number, which abut against the seat surface of the basic body. Such an embodiment provides very good stability.
    According to a second embodiment, the bottom surface (4a) of the base plate comprises a coupling means which fixes the base plate in its position relative to the base body (2). This second embodiment is particularly preferred when the angle α is relatively large, but a coupling means can of course also be used at smaller angles. The coupling means can be provided, for example, by the bottom surface of the washer being constituted by or comprising a corrugated so-called serration surface or other coupling surface of the type comprising male means intended to engage female means in the adjacent seat surface (10) of the base body. These two surfaces then hook into each other when the base plate is fixed to the base body and prevent the base plate from changing position relative to the base body. The axial support surface (4f) of the washer against the base body and the adjacent surface (P) of the base body may also comprise a coupling means. The increased stability that is then achieved must, however, be weighed against the fact that the manufacture of the basic body is complicated.
    The contact surface (4b) of the washer plate against the bottom surface (3a) of the insert also does not have to be flat, but can for instance comprise a coupling means for the insert (3) to be fixed better to the washer plate (4). According to a third embodiment of the invention, the contact surface of the washer against the insert has a coupling means, which also in this case can be a serration surface or other coupling surface as above, where the bottom surface of the insert adjacent to the washer cooperates with the contact surface of the washer.
    The bottom surface of the insert is then provided with the corresponding coupling agent.
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, schematically shown in Figure 11, the washer plate (4) is wedge-shaped also in the axial direction, preferably in such a way that the thickness of the washer plate increases in the direction of the front end surface (6). In this embodiment, an arbitrary cross-section which is orthogonal to the radial cross-section (X) can be made parallel to the axis of rotation C of the base body and parallel to the direction of rotation R so that it passes through the washer plate. This cross section is hereinafter referred to as the axial cross section (Y). An imaginary straight line (c) associated with the bottom surface (4a) of the washer can then be drawn so as to intersect the point (c1) of the axial cross-section where the bottom surface is closest to the front end face (6) of the base body and the point (c2) of the axial the cross-section where the bottom surface is as farthest as the front end surface of the base body. An imaginary straight line (d) associated with the contact surface (4b) of the washer can be drawn so as to intersect the point (d1) in the axial cross-section where the contact surface is closest to the front end face of the base body and the point (d2) in the axial cross-section where the contact surface is as farthest as the front end face of the base body. The washer plate according to this embodiment is characterized in that the two imaginary straight lines (c, d) diverge in the direction of the front end surface of the base body and form an angle ß with each other. This embodiment is particularly suitable for milling tools with a positive axial rake angle, since the inclination of the washer in the axial direction can then be left the same as the rake angle and thus avoid deepening the cutting position appreciably furthest from the front end surface.
    The washer plate (4) can be fixed to the base body (2) in fl your different ways. According to an embodiment of the invention, inserts (3) and washer plate can be fixed in the base body with a common screw (11), as shown in the drawings. Another possible embodiment is that the washer plate is fastened to the base body by means of a pipe screw with a threaded inside, in which the insert is then fastened with a separate screw. The insert can then be replaced without the backing plate having to be loosened.
    The washer according to the invention can for instance be made of sintered metal, high-strength steel or of cemented carbide. High-strength steel and sintered metal have the advantage of being able to harden by machining to the desired shape. These materials are also tough. Carbide has the advantage of being able to be manufactured powder metallurgically into advanced shapes. They also provide high strength under pressure and can be used as a cutting edge in the event of a cutting breakdown. According to a preferred embodiment, the washer is made of cemented carbide.
    The composite cutting tool (1) according to the invention comprises, as mentioned above, a base body (2), at least one washer plate (4) and at least one insert (3). If a radial cross-section (X) is made orthogonally to the axis of rotation C and continuous washers and inserts, it is possible to draw two straight lines (s, r) associated with the seat surface (10) of the base body and the contact surface (4b) of the washer against the insert. The straight line representing the seat surface of the base body is drawn so that it intersects the point (a2) in the cross section where the seat surface is closest to the axis of rotation of the base body and the point (a1) in the radial cross section where the seat surface is closest to the mantle surface (5). The straight line representing the contact surface of the washer against the insert is drawn so that it intersects the point (b2) in the cross section where the contact surface is closest to the axis of rotation of the base body and the point (b1) in the cross section where the contact surface is closest to the base surface. The cutting tool is characterized in that these two imaginary straight lines diverge in the direction of the mantle surface and form the angle α with each other.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the cutting tool comprises a washer plate (4) which is wedge-shaped also in the axial direction. If an axial cross-section (Y) is made parallel to the direction of rotation R and parallel to the axis of rotation C of the base body and the continuous washer plate (4), it is possible to draw two straight lines (c, d) associated with the washer surface (4a) and contact surface (4b) of the washer. the insert. The straight line (c) representing the bottom surface of the washer is drawn so that it intersects the point (c1) in the axial cross-section where the bottom surface is closest to the front end face (6) of the base body and the point (c2) in the cross-section where the bottom surface is furthest from the base body. front end surface. The straight line (d) representing the contact surface (4b) of the washer is cut so as to intersect the point (d1) of the axial cross-section where the contact surface is closest to the front end face of the base body and the point (d2) of the axial cross-section where the contact surface is as farthest from the front of the basic body 10 15 20 25 is * _1111 ax-El lÛ end surface. According to this embodiment, the cutting tool is characterized in that these two imaginary straight lines diverge in the direction of the front end surface and form an angle ß with each other.
    The basic body becomes even more strong in this embodiment.
    The interface between the seat surface (10) of the base body and the bottom surface (4a) of the washer can, as previously described, be designed in different ways. According to one embodiment, the seat surface of the base body and the bottom surface of the base plate comprise a coupling means. The interface between the contact surface (4b) of the washer plate and the bottom surface (3a) of the insert can also be designed in different ways. The respective interfaces may, in addition to comprising a coupling surface in the form of, for example, a serration surface, comprise support points in the form of elevations or some form of fastening means for attaching the backing plate and cutting to the base body.
    The composite cutting tool (1) according to the invention comprises, as mentioned above, a base body (2), at least one insert (3) and at least one washer plate (4). The base body is preferably made of metallic material, such as steel or aluminum. The inserts can, for example, be made of cemented carbide or of ceramic material.
    The described embodiments can of course be combined, so that for example a washer for a round insert as well as a washer for a square or triangular insert can be wedge-shaped in both radial and axial direction and comprise one or more coupling means.
    The composite cutting tool according to the invention is preferably a milling tool, such as a corner milling cutter, a face milling cutter or a milling cutter with round inserts. The invention is particularly suitable for end mills and for milling tools with a large number of inserts, where conventional shims cannot be used due to the reduced strength of the base body they give rise to.
    However, the cutting tool according to the invention is not limited to milling tools, but can also be another cutting tool for rotary chip removal machining, such as a drilling tool.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    1. 0 15 20 25 30 is * _1111 § :: 1 ~ .š'_ ll Patent claim l. Counter plate (4) intended for mounting in cutting tools (1) for rotary chip removal processing, such as a milling tool, where the cutting tool comprises a basic body (2) with a axis of rotation C, a peripheral circumferential surface (5) concentric with the axis of rotation, a front end surface (6) and at least one cutting position (9) comprising a seat surface (10), which base body is rotatable in the direction of rotation R and which base body is arranged receiving in each cutting position against the seat surface a washer plate (4) and a mountable insert (3) adjacent to the washer plate, which washer plate comprises a bottom surface (4a) intended to abut the base surface of the base body and a contact surface (4b) opposite to the bottom surface intended to abut the insert and at least one side surface which extends between the bottom surface and the contact surface, the washer plate characterized in that, at a radial cross-section (X) orthogonal to the axis of rotation and the continuous washer plate, an imaginary straight line (a) associated with the bottom surface intersecting the point (a1) in the cross section where the bottom surface is intended to be closest to the base surface of the body and the point (a2) in the cross section where the bottom surface is intended to be closest to the axis of rotation of the base body and an imaginary right line (b) associated with the contact surface intersecting the point (bl) in the cross section where the contact surface is intended to be closest to the mantle surface of the base body and the point (b2) in the cross section where the contact surface is intended to be closest to the axis of rotation of the base body diverges towards the base body mantle surface and form an angle α with each other. Coaster according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle α is 5-30 °. Coaster according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle α is 10-25 °. Coaster according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom surface (4a) comprises a coupling means, such as a serration surface or other coupling surface comprising male means intended to engage in female means in the adjacent seat surface (10) of the basic body. Coaster according to claim 1, characterized in that, at an axial cross-section (Y) parallel to the direction of rotation R and parallel to the axis of rotation C of the base body and through the coaster, an imaginary straight line (c) associated with the base (4a) of the coaster the axial cross-section where the bottom surface is intended to be as close as possible to the distal end surface (6) of the base body and the point (c2) in the cross-section where the bottom surface is intended to be as furthest from the front end face of the base body and an imaginary straight line (d) associated with the contact surface (4b) of the washer intersecting the point (dl) of the axial cross section where the contact surface is intended to be closest to the front end face of the base body and the point (d2) of the axial the cross-section where the contact surface is intended to be as far as possible from the front end surface of the base body, diverges in the direction of the front end surface of the base body and forms an angle ß with each other. Coaster according to Claim 1, characterized in that the coaster is made of cemented carbide. Cutting tool (1) for rotary chip removal machining, such as a milling tool, which cutting tool comprises a base body (2) comprising a rotation shaft C, a peripheral shell surface (5) concentric with the rotation shaft and at least one cutting position (9) with a seat surface (10) arranged therein ), which cutting tool is rotatable in the direction of rotation R, which cutting tool in at least one cutting position comprises a washer plate (4) detachably mounted against the seat surface and which cutting tool in said at least one cutting position comprises a removably mounted insert (3) adjacent to the washer plate. the base surface (4a) of the base body, a contact surface (4b) opposite the bottom surface and adjacent to the insert and at least one side surface extending between the bottom surface and the contact surface, the cutting tool is characterized in that, at a radial cross section (X) orthogonally to the rotating shaft an imaginary straight line (a) associated with the basic inn ppen's seat surface intersecting the point (a1) in the cross section where the seat surface is closest to the mantle surface and the point (a2) in the cross section where the seat surface is closest to the axis of rotation and an imaginary straight line (b) associated with the washer contact surface intersecting the point (bl) in cross section where the contact surface is closest to the mantle surface and the point (b2) in the cross section where the contact surface is closest to the axis of rotation, diverges in the direction of the mantle surface and forms an angle α with each other. Cutting tool according to claim 7, characterized in that the bottom surface (4a) of the washer plate and the seat surface (10) of the base body comprise a coupling means, such as serration surfaces or other coupling surfaces comprising male means intended to engage female means. F = 1: = ': - «z ~"; z * _': i <¿;: 1 ~.% '_ 13 9. A cutting tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, at an axial cross-section (Y) parallel to the direction of rotation R and parallel to the axis of rotation C of the base body and the continuous base plate (4), an imaginary straight line (c) associated with the base surface (4a) of the base plate intersecting the point (cl) of the axial cross-section where the base surface is closest to the base end face (6) and the point (c2) of the cross-section where the bottom surface is furthest from the front end face of the base body and an imaginary straight line (d) associated with the contact surface (4b) of the washer intersecting the point (dl) of the axial cross-section where the contact surface is closest to the front end face of the base body. and the point (d2) in the axial cross-section where the contact surface is furthest from the front end surface of the base body, diverges towards the front end surface of the base body and forms an angle ß with each other.
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    同族专利:
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    法律状态:
    2017-01-31| NUG| Patent has lapsed|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1050661A|SE535170C2|2010-06-22|2010-06-22|Coating plate for tools for cutting machining and tools|SE1050661A| SE535170C2|2010-06-22|2010-06-22|Coating plate for tools for cutting machining and tools|
    EP11167659.9A| EP2399699B1|2010-06-22|2011-05-26|Milling tool|
    US13/163,830| US8540462B2|2010-06-22|2011-06-20|Shim plate for tools for cutting machining as well as a tool|
    CN201110183715.1A| CN102294510B|2010-06-22|2011-06-21|For backing plate and the cutter of the cutter of machining|
    JP2011138723A| JP5815300B2|2010-06-22|2011-06-22|Cutting plate of cutting tool and cutting tool|
    KR1020110060680A| KR20110139156A|2010-06-22|2011-06-22|A shim plate for tools for cutting machining as well as a tool|
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